M. Gzik

Pages: 89-96

Abstract
Modelling researches concerning neck injury mechanisms acting during road accidents and their consequences for human life are presented in this paper. The researches mainly focus on flexion and extension and compression injuries mechanisms. In order to analyse correlation between head movement and physical phenomena in the cervical spine, three dynamical non-linear models were created. The first twodimensional model of driver was created for frontal and rear car accidents analysis. The second model was used for modelling researches and analysis of falling down man on the head during motorcycle accidents and its consequences for human cervical spine. Third three-dimensional model was created in order to analyse muscle influence on spine behaviour during situations corresponding to front collisions. The models allow to analyse movement in saggital plane. The first and second two-dimensional models were created using professional system WorkingModel 2D and the third spatial model (as an author programme) formed in MatLab system. Results of numerical simulations allowed analysis of correlations between accident conditions, human body especially head behaviour and internal forces which could cause spine injuries.

Keywords: accidents analysis; neck injuries; modelling and simulations in biomechanics